Haploid: (of a cell or nucleus) having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
Diploid: (of a
cell or nucleus) containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each
parent.
gene is a specific
length of the DNA of the chromosomes.
Allele: 2 or
more forms in a gene
Locus : the position of a gene
Genotype: the
genetic constitution of an individual organism.
Phenotype: the
set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the
interaction of its genotype with the environment.
A
heterozygous individual is someone who has two different
alleles at a locus.
A
homozygous individual is someone who has two same alleles at a locus.
Testcross is to
identify whether an organism exhibiting a dominant trait is homozygous or
heterozygous for a specific allele.
Dominant
alleles show their effect even if the individual only has one copy
of the allele (ex. Heterozygous).
Co
dominance: When the alleles of a gene are expressed equally and
neither is dominant or recessive. (ex AB blood).
Recessive
alleles only show their effect if the individual has two copies of
the allele (also known as being homozygous).
The
Punnett square is a diagram that is used to predict an
outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment.
A
gamete is the male or female reproductive cell that contains half
the genetic material of the organism.
Comments
Post a Comment